Efficiency In Sport And Training Management Theory

Authors

Milišić Branislav, Serbian Institute for Sport and Sport Medicine

Abstract

All trainers aim at helping the athletes in their charge to be highly successful in their field, i.e. competition sports activity. The quality of an athlete is actually determined upon how successful he or she is at performing the chosen sports activity, i.e. upon his or her efficiency. Consequently, a vital issue in trainers' work with athletes is how to develop efficiency. It can be said that the objective of the sports training is to increase efficiency. The analysis of each kind of sports activity proves that the effectiveness depends on five basic factors: the precision of performing a movement (sports technique); energetic abilities of the body; contractile qualities of muscles; flexibility of joints and connective muscle tissues; and application of proper tactics during the competition. The author grounds each of the factors briefly and explains their contribution to the process of increasing the efficiency of the sports activity. Also, the author proposes elements of the system for management and controlling of the process of sports training, with the following parameters: condition of aerobic abilities; condition of anaerobic abilities (both fractions); the level of sport technique effectiveness; and recovery rate after “peak” trainings. The proposed system enables coaches to have a permanent insight into the state of all the factors observed, i.e. to assess the actual level of competitive sports abilities of athletes, so that it is possible to introduce appropriate corrections in case of any training mistakes.

Keywords

sports training, training management, efficiency in sport, theory

Download full article

References

Бойко А.Ф., Волков Н.И., Зациорский В.М. (1963). Исследование восстановительных реакций у бегунов на средние и длинные дистанции после тренировочных занятий различной направленности. Теория и практика физической культуры, 3: 32-35.
Борилкевич Б.В. (1982). Физическая работоспособность в экстремальных условиях мышечной деятельности. Ленинград: Ленинградский университет (in Russian).
Gavrilović P. i sar. (1984). Unifikacija testova i metodologije testiranja vrhunskih sportista (Elite athletes testing procedure unification), Beograd: Jugoslovenski zavod za fizičku kulturu i medicinu sporta (in Serbian).
Gayton A. (1986). Medicinska fiziologija (Medical Physiology). Beograd-Zagreb:Medicinska knjiga (in Serbian).
Яковлев Н.Н. (1971). Значение нарушений гомеостазиса для эффективности процесса тренировки. Теория и практика физической культуры, 2: 23-29.
Яковлев Н.Н. (1976). Чтобы успешно управлять, надо знать механизмы. Теория и практика физической культуры, 4: 21-23.
Milišić B. (1978). Metodologija modeliranja karakteristika sportista i ekipa (Methodology of modeling of sports teams’ and individual athletes’ characteristics). Savetovanje trenera Jugoslavije (Congress of Yugoslav Coaches), Aranđelovac: JZFKMS (in Serbian).
Milišić B. (1979). Upravljanje treningom plivača (Swimming training management). Sportska praksa, 2: 40-41 (in Serbian).
Milišić B. (1983). Upravljanje sportskim treningom (Sports training management). In Gavrilović, P et al., (Eds.), “Metodologija priprema vrhunskih sportista” (pp. 3 – 38), Beograd: NIP Partizan.
Милишич Б. (2001). Ефективност в спорта (Efficiency in sport). Спорт и наука, Софиа, 6: 22-27 (in Bulgarian).
Виру А.А. (1981). Гормональные механизмы адаптации и тренировки, Ленинград: Наука (in Russian).
Волков Н.И., Зациорский В.М. (1964). Некоторые вопросы теории тренировочных нагрузок. Теория и практика физической культуры, 6: 20-24.
Волков Н.И. (1974). Проблемы утомления и восстановления в теории и практике спорта. Теория и практика физической культуры, 1: 60-64.
Зациорский В.М. (1972). Физические качества спортсмена. Moskva: Физкультура и спорт.