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Archive > Year 2012, Number 1

Radial and tibial bone ultrasound densiometry in weight bearing and non-weight bearing activity: A comparative analysis


Authors

Abstract

Objective of the research was to determine effects of physical activity on speed of sound (a bone property) at radial and tibial bone site in swimming (non-weight bearing) and softball (weight bearing). Design was made as a cross-sectional study of age matched subjects. Total of 120 subjects i.e. 40 swimmers and 40 softball players (university level) and 40 non-athletes served as participants in the study. Subjects were assessed for bone properties by measuring Speed of Sound (SOS) at radial and tibial sites by Omnisense 7000s ultrasound densitometer. Past and current bone specific physical activity level was calculated by BPAQ questionnaire. Main outcome measures were: SOS (m/sec), past BPAQ and current BPAQ. Results showed that three sites for softball players and one site for swimmers had greater bone properties (SOS) than control. There was a significant difference in bone properties favoring dominant radial bone SOS than non-dominant radial bone SOS in softball players (p=0.0001) and swimmers (p=0.02). The swimmers showed a marked difference favoring non-dominant tibial SOS over dominant tibial SOS (p=0.013); however, no such significant differences were recorded in softball players and non-athletes. A positive correlation was recorded between past BPAQ algorithm with dominant tibial SOS and non-dominant tibial SOS in softball players (r=0.495 and r=0.446), swimmers (r=0.579 and r=0.725), and non-athletes (r=0.678 and r=0.736), respectively. We can conclude that bone properties were greater in softball players than swimmers, followed by non-athletes (softball>swimming>non-athletes). The past physical activity levels as measured by past-BPAQ were positively associated with tibial bone properties in all the subjects.

Keywords

Swimming, bone density, quantitative ultrasound, densitometry, speed of sound

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